Electron

Considerations

Welcome to the master level of the Roton-Model, and to one of the crown disciplines of self resonant spatial structures.

Results

We will model this:

• An electron is regarded as a Tri-Roton consisting of 3 Rotons with the same center. Every Sub-Roton has an own axis orientation in space.
• A free entangled rotonal system acts as an own compound not revealing its content. It acts as a point-like center - even though it is not.
• While a photon is constantly fleeing its own energy field, an electron is fixed in space in 3 directions by it’s inertia/energy center. Every move along one photons axis forces the other Rotons to change their axis orientations which is bound to inertia and time.
• When the electrons Roton-Speed is fixed (e.g. c) then it can have any size and still keep the same energy.

Triggering attempt

When starting this whole “project” of the Rotonal model the author came up with his initial vision (illusion?) of an electron:

• An electron is closed trajectory of a specifically sized photon in space
• A photon keeps its spin-axis and runs off into infinity with the speed of light, how can we keep such a sonon at a “stationary” place? Or at least give it some relative inertia.
• Let the electron have 3 rotation-axes so the electron is fixed in space in all directions. Give it some inertia like a spinner in a gyroscope which resists angular change.
• An electron might be able to build up rotational interactions in multiple spatial directions.

So we got birth to the fondue-pot model of an electron:

Figure 1: Fondue-Pot Model of an electron

What does it show?

• 3 forks indicate, that the electron has 3 internal main spin-axis. One axis for each spatial direction x,y,z (for now at least).
• The forks can point into or out of the pot. Forks looking out of the pot symbolize the bi-temporal causality, some aspects of an electron are bound to coherent happenings in the future and past.
• The whole pot has a handle which gives the electron it’s overall “outside” spin.
• The internal spins are hidden (hidden variables) and not directly accessible, but they are interdependent. Turning the pots axis influences the inter-dependent sub-spins of the electron, and the inertia imposed to the environment.

What “properties” does an electron have?

Needed properties:

• An electron has to interact with protons.
• An electron has to interact with light/photons.
• An electron needs to couple to rotonal radii labeled with “Gravity”
• An electron has a spin-axis, or more precisely at least one (spoiler) rotation-vector with influence to our world of protons and atoms.
• An electron is spatially symmetric with about the influential shape of a sphere.

Initial conclusions:

• Spin and orientation needs volumetric properties, so electrons seam to have some dependency to size.
• The basis of spin is a circular rotation.
• The structure needs to be self-sustained without “something” specific in its center. We need a spherically and symmetric rotation.

Size of an electron: An electron is always handled as a point-like particle with no extension by standard physics. Why might this be true in the Rotonal-Model?

The Roton-Theory clearly states:

• There are no point-like objects in the universe. A point-like object is only a statistically median place of influences and interactions modeled as point for easier calculations.
• If you have nothing smaller to through at an object, you can not identify any sub-structure, even when there is some. Standard physics does typically not model things that can not be measured.

Consideration from the Roton-Theory:

• Protons need to have some Rotonal structure that exposes a Rotonal field of the same size as an electron.
• Can we somehow create a uniformly transitional inertia via gyroscopic resistance to angular change?

Why still no size An electron is a closed rotating system which Rotons are fully entangled. If you look at it as a gyroscopic spinner, the Precession of both Rotons cancel each other out. So an electron does only react as an overall compound, especially regarding inertia. The “empty” center of the compound actually is point-like and all attractions and interactions happen at this point. It does not directly reveal any structure, except it’s multiple layers of inertia.

How fast can the Photon-Rotons in an electron change their point in space? Well not measurable at that scale. So might the electron simply change it’s effective Rotonal “size” just as big/small as it currently needs. Avoiding the neighboring electrons oscillations? Constantly Changing size while keeping its energy/inertia?

A rotating system is allowed to change its size and keep its energy under the precondition, if the angular momentum is allowed to change. This is the case. A Photon remains at c but with another radius.

In the analogon of a kinetic system, if the system expands: • Moment of inertia: $I$ • Angular velocity: $\omega$ • Angular momentum: $L = I\omega$ • Rotational kinetic energy: $E_{\text{rot}} = \tfrac12 I\omega^2$ • E = $\tfrac12 I\omega^2 = \text{const}$ Solve for ω: • $\omega = \sqrt{\frac{2E}{I}}$

If the system grows (expands), and Energy remains, then ω decreases; If the system shrinks, ω increases.

Fixed speed c If tangential speed v is fixed, then by definition $v = r,\omega$ So $\omega = \frac{v}{r}$

This already tells us: • If the radius increases, \omega decreases. • If the radius shrinks, \omega increases.

Now check energy and angular momentum: Rotational energy: $E = \frac{1}{2} I \omega^2$

For a point mass or small roton on a circle: $I = m r^2$ So: $E = \frac{1}{2} m r^2 \left(\frac{v}{r}\right)^2$ Simplify:

$\boxed{E = \tfrac12 m v^2}$

This is AMAZINGLY important:

If tangential speed is fixed, the rotational kinetic energy is independent of radius It doesn’t matter how large or small the orbit becomes — energy stays constant as long as v stays constant.

TRY 1 - Initial 3 circle approach

Let the photons run in circles along their spin-axis. This creates a closed spiraling ring. We place 3 such rings around the same center with orthogonal axes.

What does this approach fulfill:

• it would fulfill all criteria, but …

Issue:

• Rotons do not show their strongest attractions in orthogonal direction. A co-planar placement does not look inherently stable.
• Why does it have the size it has? Is this the only stable solution in respect to field-transmission-speed and trajectory radius? (Initial calculations said: no)
• External influences might bring the different axes out of the orthogonal state, loosing stability.
• We have 3 spins (which we will see is a good thing to have).

TRY 2 - 3 precession tips approach

We try to avoid the spiraling loop approach and let multiple Sonons build up an electron in a self-sustained 3D-trajectory.

Looking at the formerly established wave-functions (trajectories) of the electrons in an atom, the following seems a good approach:

• Find a trajectory which aligns symmetrically and provides self-resonant loops. We still need the directional Roton character.
• We add a high ~45° precession to the 3 rotations.
• Imagine 4 points in a square (x, y) in space and let two circles through these points statically or dynamically wobble in z direction.
• We take 3 of these in x,y,z directions and align appropriately.

Characteristic:

• Twin and Twon of the Sonon are always on opposite sites and symmetric to the center.
• The 3 Twin and 3 Twon can potentially find a stable trajectory in this geometry?

Issues:

• All Twins and Twons attract or detract each other uniformly in all directions. This approach might not be stable -> is not stable. 6 Pack-Body Problem.
• No specific rotonal character.

APPROACH 3 - Octahedron approach

We model a electron with 6 subparts consisting of 6 photons of the same size. Each 2 of them build an entangled photon pair. Let’s take the trajectory from TRY 2 and extend in this way:

We adjust the precession such, that the outer curves start to touch each other between the 3 Di-Rotons. In this way, the photons are allowed to change tracks, swap places and trajectories. This builds up a very symmetric compound.

Geometrically: Think of a Octahedron consisting of 8 equal triangles. A top and bottom and 2x3 along the sides.

Octahedron4Colors

Figure 3: Octahedron with circles on all planes and surrounding sphere.

Figure 3: Octahedron with circles on all planes and surrounding sphere.

The Olavian Rotonal view of an electron

Size of the electron

Most appealing proposal: The electron most likely has its size, because the universe has a high ADR(*) resonance at this wavelength. The universe will most likely have many other such resonances at other frequencies. Unfortunately they are not interacting with us because of missing matches in resonance components.

Electrical Charge

The elementary charge in respect to the Rotonal model simply corresponds to the Roton-Axis orientation and handedness in the span of an electron. In this view, every Roton has an elementary (temporary) “charge”. Charge is defined by the orientation of the rotation axis (relative to other resonances, in the ADR field) and the handedness of the rotation into the traveling-direction of the electron-Roton (within the LEDO-field).

Electrical charge is relative though, and depends on the sum and orientation of all other electrons in the relevant observed distance. In this view charge is simple “e” and e-/e+ assign the orientation of the electrons main-spin within the “electrical field” (scalar projection of the ADR field at electrical span). This is the sum of all electrical influences on a specific point indicating the direction of acceleration which the electron gyro-system feels. An integral over all entanglement potentials in all directions.

Electric charge is the quantity of energy an electron-Roton can provide to the Resonance-field (ADR). This is identical to the amount of inertia the electron can anchor/couple itself with into the LEDO-field.

Positive Charge

There is no absolute positive charge. Charge is relative so there is only one unique thing: the electron Roton.

Let us check:

Proton (p)

The proton is only an open cage for an otherwise free electron e-. A filled half-cage compared to a Neutron being an empty half-cage. Putting both together results in a neat closed Deuteron NP-cage where a little happy electron-bird (e+) is kept at its place in space. If you read on in the nucleus chapter, the bird does not have to remain alone. In most bigger atom-cities the birds mate and build double sized Alpha-Cages they can share together (Alpha Particle).

Positron (e+)

No honestly: A positron (e+) is simply an electron held at its place by the atom core. So what is this useful for? Stability. Every e+ bird can attract exactly one e- bird in the atom orbital (entanglement). This pairing is exclusive. With this orbital satellite protection system, the atom core is kept free from other free scattering electrons. Such electrons would destroy the stability of the atom core. In this way, an atom can create an energetically optimal solution to remain stable as long as possible.

Electromagnetic field

How does that match with the electromagnetic field of standard physics? Nearly perfectly:

• We do not see any e+ easily floating around in our world.
• In respect to magnetic induced forces a charge held in place (relative to other charges) exactly matches to a positron (e+). Because it can not move, it has to react with re-alignment of it’s axes (or main-axis for simplicity) to the field. You can see it like this: all other electrons in the universe push themselves (parallel aligned rotonal distance keeping) along the electrical field lines towards “holes” where there are no electrons pushing back. The e+ is such a “hole” that first statistically attracts electrons along the field-lines and finally (reaching nearby distances) might completely lock-in to the rotonal attraction building an entanglement.

Such an entangled e- and e+ pair (we write it as $2*e^0$) then reaches a neutral state. The rotonal forces/inductions cancel each other out. In this state it will not contribute to the external field anymore - unless it is moved out of its linear trajectory by accelerations of their higher level rotational compounds (e.g. nuclei or atoms).

Verification regarding e+

We would like to give an estimation under which conditions a e+ might pup-up into the world.

In general:

• If it is a free e+, then it is an electron which was newly forced to re-orientation itself against the main-stream. So the electron did not have the time yet to adapt to the electrical field. The electron will then behave like a positive charge and first get accelerated in some opposite direction. If such an electron hits a detector, then it gets interpreted as a positive charge.
• e- and e+ pair get released into opposite directions. The one with the longest time for reorienting in the field will be regarded as the positive charge. Electrons might might have a high speed, so reorientation might nearly not have started yet when it reaches a detector.
• e- and e+ pairs can exist as: quarks, orbital-core pairs, neutrinos
• Maybe if enough light is sent in anti-parallel directions, some photons might eventually join to Neutrinos and three Neutrinos might join to an electron. This though might need very specific unlikely conditions. This is not considered a likely process which might be experimentally met (high energy conditions).

Specifically:

• Collider experiments where higher level rotonal systems break up (e.g. q-rings, nuclei, atoms) [YES]
• Electrons from outer space that do not have any specific orientation yet. [YES]
• A Proton or Deuterium core breaks and releases its helpless e+ electron. The proton remains as Neutron-shell and releases some binding energy.
• Compound Rotons (matter) that behave like caged electrons.

Other expected reactions:

• Rare: If an orbital electron is forced into core direction: If an electron hits it’s proton (most likely the entangled electron from the orbit) the proton might break up. We remain with a neutron an an e-/e+ entangled pair which remains short-time stable and flies away. The Olavian Atom Model identifies such particles as being a Neutrino (rotating electron pairs at different sizes/speeds). [Check: YES]

Check:

• These are exactly the observed situations of standard physics.

According Open-AI:

We observe e⁺ whenever:

1. Nuclei undergo β⁺ decay
2. High-energy photons convert into pairs
3. High-energy collisions produce pairs
4. Weak decays of W or μ⁺ create e⁺
5. Cosmic rays generate π⁺ → μ⁺ → e⁺
6. Extreme astrophysical magnetic fields produce pairs
7. Antimatter experiments intentionally create / trap them

Furthermore

Quark anti-quark pairs are defined as Pions, at least when such compounds can leave. As a result a Neutron-Neutron or more precisely Neutron/Anti-Neutron annihilation (remember it does not annihilate) will result in a maximum of 5 or maybe 6 Pions. At least for those pairs that manage to remain intact for a short time. [Check: confirmed typically we see 2-5 Pions]

The Electron in Standard and Quantum Physics

Nature

An electron is a fundamental spin-½ fermion, a lepton that carries charge −1 e and does not feel the strong nuclear force.
In quantum field theory it is a point-like excitation of the electron field, not a small sphere.

Structure and Size

So far, experiments show no measurable extent or substructure.

Key Properties

Description by Theory

• Quantum mechanics: electron as wavefunction with spatial probability.
• Quantum field theory: excitation of a quantized field.
• Dirac theory: explains spin, antimatter, and relativistic corrections.

Open Questions

• Why exactly this charge and mass?
• What is the physical origin of spin?
• Does the electron have sub-structure below 10⁻¹⁸ m?
• How does it couple to space-time geometry?

Summary:

The electron is a point-like quantum excitation with fixed charge, mass, and spin, described precisely by QED, yet its deeper structure and origin remain unknown.

Authors comments: [These are older comments on that topic]

A mathematical wave-function assigns a complex amplitude to every point in space and time. It tells “what could happen if you measure the system”. So it only gives information on “the likelihood of finding the electron here”. Hmm, does that tell us something about the electron itself? Maybe how strong it? vibrates? BUT: it is only defined within a context e.g. within an atom. Not isolated. As isolated means “no measurement”, this means no wave-function.

Isolated wave-function: a plane wave filling all space. So it tells, that the electron could be anywhere - which is actually true LOL. Or in other words: A self-consistent resonance of energy in empty space with infinite extension.

Remark: This could actually indicate, that electrons of any size could exist, but we won’t “feel” them because they do not interact and resonate with matter we know.

An electron is of the size it has, because our whole universe resonates at that particular mode (size and frequency) - so a self-sustained electron locks into that mode and stays most resonantly stable at that size.

Assessment